It manufactures bone marrow stem cells and other substances, which in turn produce blood cells. Each type of blood cell made by the bone marrow has an important job. Three very important types of white blood cells are essential to the proper functioning of the body's immune system, which fights infection:. Another source of bone marrow stem cells is the blood that circulates in the veins and arteries of all normal people.
These stem cells are known as peripheral blood stem cells PBSC. Patients recovering from chemotherapy and healthy people who are treated with certain drugs that stimulate the growth of the bone marrow have relatively large numbers of PBSC in their blood.
The PBSC can be collected and used in certain situations as a source of stem cells for transplantation. Another source of stem cells is the blood found in the placenta of a newborn baby once the umbilical cord is cut. Umbilical cord blood UCB has been successfully used as a source of bone marrow stem cells for transplantation in both related and unrelated patients. It is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace the advice of your child's doctor or other health care provider.
We encourage you to discuss any questions or concerns you may have with your child's provider. Bone marrow makes stem cells, which produce platelets and white and red blood cells. Here's why those cells are important to your child's health. Remember, over time, yellow bone marrow starts to replace red bone marrow. So, most bones in an adult body contain yellow bone marrow. Bone marrow is crucial for producing blood cells. Therefore, a range of blood-related conditions involve issues with bone marrow.
Many of these conditions affect the numbers of blood cells produced in bone marrow. This causes them to share many common symptoms, including:. Leukemia is a type of cancer that can affect both your bone marrow and lymphatic system.
It happens when blood cells get mutations in their DNA. This causes them to grow and divide more rapidly than healthy blood cells. Over time, these cells start to crowd out the healthy cells in your bone marrow. Leukemia is classified as either acute or chronic , depending on how fast it progresses. Myelogenous leukemia involves red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
Lymphocytic leukemia involves lymphocytes, a specific type of white blood cell. It occurs from damage to the stem cells of bone marrow.
This makes it harder from them to grow and develop into new blood cells. Myeloproliferative disorders happen when the stem cells in bone marrow grow abnormally. Platelets are blood cells that help the blood coagulate stick together to help stop bleeding at sites on the body that have been cut or injured.
Platelets form the scab that is formed over a small cut. White blood cells help the body fight against infection. There are many different types of white blood cells, which include:. Our immune system protects the body from disease.
It kills unwanted micro-organisms such as bacteria and viruses that may invade our bodies. Small glands called lymph nodes are scattered throughout the body. Once made inside our marrow, lymphocytes enter the lymph nodes. The lymphocytes travel between each node through channels called lymphatics. The lymphatic channels meet at large ducts that empty into a blood vessel. Lymphocytes enter the blood through these ducts. These cells originate in the bone marrow.
They make proteins called antibodies which attach onto the surface of infection-causing microbes. Generally, these are Y or T shaped.
Each type of antibody reacts to different microbes by sticking to molecules, called antigens, which sit on the surface of the microbe.
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